|
Perilla is a genus consisting of one major Asiatic crop species ''P. frutescens'' and a few recognized wild species in nature, belonging to the mint family, Lamiaceae. Until a few decades ago〔 (world encyclopedia, in Japanese)〕 , the oilseed crop for Perilla oil, from India, China and all across Eastern Asia was regarded as a species (''P. ocymoides'') in its own right, distinct from the "beefsteak plant" known for its red-leafed ornamental variety, although it was well established that these types readily cross-pollinate.〔e.g. (Heibonsha encyclopedia), which classifies them as different species of the "same genus", and notes they hybridize easily〕 Recent genetic research confirm they are of a common gene pool,〔, p.21, citing Ito et al., 1998〕 corroborating the taxonomists' claim for consolidating the two crops into one species. These past legacies and subsequent reclassification of taxa has led to a confusion of nomenclature.〔Comprehensive study by is often cited.〕〔See , p.2-3 for a sampling of this〕 The red or purple leafed variety had been dubbed ''P. nankinensis'',〔, p.2-3〕 and this label was used throughout the 19th century in the West when it was introduced as an ornamental. (See under #English common names). Whether green-leafed or red-leafed, the perillaldehyde factor that characterizes the unique shiso fragrance may turn out to be present or absent in the individual or population, and this is not differentiable from outward appearance alone. Chemical studies classify the genus into different chemotypes, depending on the essential oils they contain. There are three wild species endemic to Japan, recognized as being genetically distinct from the cultivated species.〔, "Ch. 2 Taxonomical Examination of Perilla Species and their revision – Studies on the Phylogenetic Relationship of the Species, p.20: "Japanese species 4 different species with 1 subspecies."〕 But some references treat, e.g., ''P. citrodora'' as the same species as the cultivated one〔, ''Hagers Handbuch'', vol.3, p.328〕 ==Selected species== * ''P. frutescens'' * ''P. citrodora'' * ''P. hirtella'' * ''P. setoyensis'' 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Perilla (plant)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|